Biography of Several U.S. Supreme Court Judges

(The following was obtained from the legal archive at info.umd.edu)

JUDICIARY - SUPREME COURT OF THE UNITED STATES

One First Street NE, 20543. Phone, (202) 479-3000

WILLIAM HUBBS REHNQUIST, Chief Justice of the United States, born in Milwaukee, WI, October 1, 1924; son of William Benjamin and Margery Peck Rehnquist; married to Natalie Cornell of San Diego, CA; children: James, Janet, and Nancy, member of Emmanuel Lutheran Church, Bethesda, MD, served in the U.S. Army Air Corps in this country and overseas from 1943-46, discharged with the rank of sergeant, Stanford University, B.A., M.A., 1948; Harvard University, M.A., 1950; Stanford University, LL.B., 1952, ranking first in class; Order of the Coif; member of the Board of Editors of the Stanford Law Review; law clerk for Justice Robert H. Jackson, Supreme Court of the United States, 1952-53; private practice of law, Phoenix, AZ, 1953-69, engaged in a general practice of law with primary emphasis on civil litigation, appointed Assistant Attorney General, Office of Legal Counsel, by President Nixon in January 1969, nominated Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States by President Nixon on October 21, 1971, confirmed December 10, 1971, sworn in on January 7, 1972, nominated by President Reagan as Chief Justice of the United States on June 17, 1986, sworn in on September 26, 1986.

BYRON RAYMOND WHITE, Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States; born in Fort Collins, CO, June 8, 1917; son of Alpha Albert and Maude Burger White; elementary and high school, Wellington, CO, B.A., University of Colorado, 1938 Rhodes scholar, Oxford, England 1939, officer, USNR, 1942-46, LL.B. Yale Law School, 1946; married to Marion Lloyd Stearns of Denver, CO June 15, 1946, children: Charles Byron and Nancy Pitkin; law clerk to the Chief Justice of the United States, 1946-47; associate, Lewis, Grant, Newton, Davis & Henry (now Davis, Graham & Stubbs), 1947-50, partner, 1950-60; Deputy Attorney General of the United States, 1961-62; nominated Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States by President Kennedy on April 3, 1962, confirmed by the Senate on April 11, 1962, and sworn in on April 16, 1962.

THURGOOD MARSHALL, Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States; born in Baltimore, MD, July 2, 1908; son of William C. and Norma A. Marshall; attended public schools in Baltimore; graduated with honors from Lincoln University in 1930, and in 1933 graduated, at the head of his class, from Howard University Law School in Washington; married to Vivian Burey (deceased), September 4, 1929, married to Cecilia A. Suyat, December 17, 1955, children: Thurgood, Jr. and John William; entered private law practice in Baltimore, and in 1934 became counsel for the Baltimore branch, National Association for the Advancement of Colored People; in 1936, joined the organization's national legal staff, and in 1938 appointed chief legal officer, serving from 1940 until appointed to the Federal bench as director-counsel of the NAACP legal defense and educational fund; nominated by President Kennedy for appointment to the Second Circuit Court of Appeals on September 23, 1961, given recess appointment in October 1961, confirmed by the Senate on September 11, 1962; nominated by President Johnson for appointment as Solicitor General of the United States on July 13, 1965 taking oath of office August 24, 1965; nominated by President Johnson as Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States on June 13, 1967, confirmed by the Senate on August 30, 1967, took the constitutional oath on September 1, 1967, and took the judicial oath and was seated on October 2, 1967.

HARRY A. BLACKMUN, Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States; born in Nashville, IL, November 12, 1908; son of Corwin M and Theo (Reuter) Blackmun; A.B. (summa cum laude), Harvard College, 1929; LL.B., Harvard Law School, 1932; married to Dorothy E. Clark, June 21, 1941; children: Nancy Clark (Mrs.John C. Coniaris), Sally Ann (Mrs. Michael V. Elsberry), and Susan Manning (Mrs.William H. Brown); admitted to the Minnesota Bar, 1932; law clerk to the Honorable John B. Sanborn, judge of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit, 1932-33; associate, junior partner and general partner, Dorsey, Colman, Barker, Scott & Barber and predecessor firms, Minneapolis, MN, 1934-50; occasional member of the faculties of St. Paul College of Law (now William Mitchell College of Law) and University of Minnesota Law School, resident counsel, Mayo Clinic and Mayo Association (now Mayo Foundation), and member of the Section of Administration, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 1950-59; nominated by President Eisenhower as judge of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit, succeeding the Honorable John B. Sanborn, August 18, 1959; confirmed September 14, 1959; sworn in on November 4, 1959; nominated associate justice by President Nixon April 14, 1970, confirmed May 12, 1970, sworn in on June 9, 1970; numerous honorary degrees member, Judicial Conference Advisory Committee on Judicial Activities, 1969-79; representative of Judicial Branch, National Historical Publications and Records Commission, 1975-82, 1986-present; chairman of Faculty, Salzburg Seminar on American Studies (Law), July 1977, and member of the faculty, July 1989; participant, Franco-American Colloquium on Human Rights, Paris, France, December 1979; co-moderator, Seminar on Justice and Society, Aspen Institute, 1979-89, inclusive; Brandeis Medal, presented by Brandeis Honor Society, University of Louisville School of Law, 1983; University Citation, presented by Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey-School of Law/Newark, 1985; The Hebrew University Honorary Fellowship, presented at Jerusalem, 1986; Justice Award, presented by Justice Lodge of B'nai B'rith,Philadelphia, 1986; co-moderator, Seminar on Constitutional Justice and Society, Aspen Institute, Italia, Rome, July 1986; visiting instructor on Constitutional Law, Louisiana State University Law School Summer Session at Aix-en-Provence, France, July 1986.

JOHN PAUL STEVENS, Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States; born in Chicago, IL, April 20 1920; son of Ernest James and Elizabeth Street Stevens A.B., University of Chicago, 1941; J.D., Northwestern University, 1947; married to Elizabeth Jane Sheeren (deceased), 1941; married to Maryan Mulholland Simon, 1979; children: John Joseph, Kathryn Stevens Jedlicka, Elizabeth Jane Stevens Sesemann, and Susan Roberta; admitted to Illinois Bar, 1949, practiced law in Chicago; law clerk to U.S. Supreme Court Justice Wiley Rutledge, 1947-48; served in the U.S. Navy, 1942-45; associate counsel, Subcommittee on the Study of Monopoly Power, Judiciary Committee of the U.S. House of Representatives, 1951-52; member of the Attorney General's National Committee to Study Antitrust Laws, 1953-55; appointed U.S. Circuit Judge for the Seventh Circuit, October 14, 1970, entering on duty November 2, 1970, and serving until becoming an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court; nominated to the Supreme Court December 1, 1975, by President Ford; confirmed by the Senate December 17, 1975; sworn in on December 19, 1975.

SANDRA DAY O'CONNOR, Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States; born in El Paso, TX, March 26, 1930; daughter of Harry A. and Ada Mae Wilkey Day; B.A. (magna cum laude), Stanford University, 1950; LL.B., Stanford Law School 1952; Order of the Coif, Board of Editors, Stanford Law Review; married to John Jay O'Connor III, 1952; children: Scott, Brian, and Jay; deputy county attorney, San Mateo County, CA, 1952-53; civilian attorney for Quartermaster Market Center, Frankfurt Germany, 1954-57; private practice of law in Maryvale, AZ, 1958-60; assistant attorney general, Arizona, 1965-69; elected to the Arizona State senate, 1969-75; senate majority leader, 1972 and 1975; chairman of the State, County, and Municipal Affairs Committee Supreme Court of the United States in 1972 and 1973; also served on the Legislative Council, on the Probate Code Commission, and on the Arizona Advisory Council on Intergovernmental Relations; elected judge of the Maricopa County Superior Court, Phoenix, AZ, 1975-79; appointed to the Arizona Court of Appeals by Gov. Bruce Babbitt, 1979-81, nominated by President Reagan as Associate Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court on July 7, 1981; confirmed by the U.S. Senate on September 22, 1981; and sworn in on September 25, 1981; member, National Board of Smithsonian Associates, 1981-present; president, board of trustees, The Heard Museum, 1968-74, 1976-81, member: Salvation Army Advisory Board 1975-81, board of trustees, Stanford University, 1976-81, board of trustees, Colonial Williamsburg 1988.

ANTONIN SCALIA, Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States born in Trenton, NJ, March 11, 1936; A.B., Georgetown University and University of Fribourg (Switzerland), 1957; LL.B., Harvard Law School, 1960, note editor, Harvard Law Review; Sheldon fellow, Harvard University, 1960-61; married to Maureen McCarthy, 10, 1960; children: Ann Forrest; Eugene, John Francis, Catherine Elisabeth, Mary Clare, Paul David, Matthew, Christopher James, and Margaret Jane; admitted to practice in Ohio (1962), Virginia (1970); in private practice with Jones, Day, Cockley, & Reavis (Cleveland, OH), 1961-67; professor of law, University of Virginia Law School, 1967-74 (on leave 1971-74); general counsel, Office of Telecommunications Policy, Executive Office of the President, 1971-72; chairman, Administrative Conference of the United States, 1972-74; Assistant Attorney General, Office of Legal Counsel, U.S. Department of Justice, 1974-77; scholar in residence, American Enterprise Institute, 1977; visiting professor of law, Georgetown University, 1977; professor of law, University of Chicago, 1977-82; visiting professor of law, Stanford University, 1980-81; editor, Regulation Magazine 1919-82; chairman: ABA Section of Administrative Law, 1981-82 and ABA Conference of Section Chairmen, 1982-83; appointed by President Reagan as Circuit Judge of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit; sworn in on August 17, 1982 appointed by President Reagan as Associate Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court; sworn in on September 26, 1986.

ANTHONY M. KENNEDY, Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States, born in Sacramento, CA, July 23, 1936; son of Anthony James and Gladys McLeod Kennedy; married to Mary Davis, June 29, 1963; children: Justin Anthony Gregory Davis, and Kristin Marie; Stanford University, 1954-57; London School of Economics, 1957-58; B.A., Stanford University, 1958, LL.B., Harvard Law School, 1961; associate, Thelen, Marrin, John & Bridges, San Francisco, 1961-63; sole practitioner, Sacramento, 1963-67; partner, Evans, Jackson & Kennedy, Sacramento, 1967-75 professor of constitutional law, McGeorge School of Law, University of the Pacific, 1965-88 California Army National Guard, 1961; member: the Judicial Conference of the United States Advisory Panel on Financial Disclosure Reports and Judicial Activities (subsequently renamed the Advisory Committee of Codes of Conduct), 1979-87; Committee on Pacific Territories, 1979-present (chairman, 1982) board of the Federal Judicial Center, 1987-88; nominated by President Ford to U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit; sworn in on May 30, 1975; nominated by President Reagan as Associate Justice of the United States Supreme Court; sworn in on February 18, 1988.

DAVID HACKETT SOUTER, Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States, Born September 17, 1939 in Melrose, Massachusetts, son of Joseph Alexander and Helen Adams Hackett Souter; Harvard College, A.B. 1961, Phi Beta Kappa, selected Rhodes Scholar; Magdalen College, Oxford, 1963, A.B. in Jurisprudence 1989, M.A. 1989; Harvard Law School, LL.B. 1966; Associate Justice, New Hampshire Superior Court, 1978-1983; Associate Justice New Hampshire Supreme Court, 1983-1990; Nominated by President Bush to U. S. Court of Appeals for the First Circuit; took oath April 30, 1990; Nominated by President Bush as Associate Justice of the United States Supreme Court; took oath of office October 9, 1990; Assistant Attorney General of New Hampshire, 1968-1971; Deputy Attorney General of New Hampshire, 1971-1976; Attorney General of New Hampshire, 1976-1978; Associate, Orr and Reno, 1966-1968; Maine-New Hampshire Interstate Boundary 1971-1975; New Hampshire Police Standards and Training Council, 1976-1978; New Hampshire Governor's Commission on Crime and Delinquency, 1976-1978, 1979-1983; New Hampshire Judicial Council, 1976-1978; Concord Hospital Board of Trustees, 1972-1985, President 1978- 1984; New Hampshire Historical Society, Vice President, 1980-1985, Trustee, 1976-1985; Dartmouth Medical School, Board of Overseers, 1981-1987; member, National Association of Attorneys General; member, New Hampshire Bar Association; member, American Bar Association.

WILLIAM J. BRENNAN, JR., Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United Statesz (retired); born in Newark, NJ, April 25, 1906; son of William J. and Agnes (McDermott) Brennan; married to Marjorie Leonard, May 5, 1928 (deceased, 1982), children: William J., Hugh Leonard, and Nancy, married to Mary Fowler 1983; B.S. (with honors) Wharton School of Business, University of Pennsylvania, 1928 LL.B., Harvard Law School, 1931; associate, Pitney, Hardin & Skinner, Newark, NJ, 1931, member, 1937-42 and again 1945-49, firm name Pitney, Hardin, Ward & Brennan, major later colonel United States Army, specializing in manpower and personnel work, 1942-45, awarded Legion of Merit; appointed by Governor Driscoll, New Jersey Superior Court, 1949 served as assignment judge, Hudson County, to 1951, appointed to Appellate Division of that court, 1951; appointed by Governor Driscoll, associate justice of New Jersey Supreme Court, 1952; appointed as an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States by President Eisenhower, a recess appointment on October 15, 1956, sworn in on October 16, 1956; was nominated by President Eisenhower on January 14, 1957, the nomination was confirmed by the Senate on March 19, 1957, was given a new commission on March 21, 1957, and again took the oaths on March 22, 1957; retired July 19, 1990.

WARREN E. BURGER, Chief Justice of the United States (retired); born in St. Paul, MN, September 17, 1907; son of Charles Joseph and Katharine Burger; University of Minnesota; St. Paul College of Law (now Mitchell College of Law), 1931, LL.B. (magna cum laude); married to Elvera Stromberg, 1933; children: Wade Allan and Margaret Mary Elizabeth; admitted to Minnesota Bar, 1931; engaged in private general practice 1931-53; associate and partner, Boyesen, Otis & Faircy; partner in successor firm, Faircy, Burger, Moore & Costello: member, faculty of St. Paul College of Law, 1931-46 (con-tracts; trusts); Assistant Attorney General of the United States, appointed by President Eisenhower, 1953-56; appointed by President Eisenhower as Judge of the U.S. Court of Appeals (District of Columbia Circuit), 1956-69; nominated Chief Justice of the United States by President Nixon on May 22, confirmed June 9, and sworn in on June 23, 1969 retired September 26, 1986; named Chairman of the Commission on the Bicentennial of the U.S. Constitution by President Reagan, June 25, 1985; faculty appellate judges' seminar N.Y.U. Law School, 1958-present; chairman, Judicial Conference of the United States, 1969-86; chairman, Federal Judicial Center, 1969-86; chancellor, Smithsonian Institution 1969-86; chancellor emeritus, 1986-present; trustee: National Gallery of Art (chairman, 1969-1979), and National Geographic Society; Chancellor, College of William and Mary 1986-present; honorary chairman, Institute of Judicial Administration, National Judicial College; trustee emeritus: William Mitchell College of Law, Macalesterlege, and Mayo Foundation; honorary chairman, Supreme Court Historical Society honorary bencher, Middle Temple, London, 1967-present; president, St. Paul Council Human Relations, 1947-52; attendee, Hague Academy of International Law, 1960 honorary degrees: LL.D.: William Mitchell College of Law, Macalester College, University of Minnesota, New York University, Columbia University, University of Pennsylvania York College of Law, Georgetown University, American University, College of William and Mary, Mercer University, Yeshiva University, Howard University, Ripon College, Washington College, Brigham Young University, George Washington University, West Virginia University, and Pace University.

LEWIS FRANKLIN POWELL, JR., Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States (retired); born in Suffolk, VA, September 19, 1907; married to Josephine Pierce Rucker, 1936; children: Josephine McRae (Mrs. Richard Stowers Smith), Ann Pendleton (Mrs. Basil Terence Carmody), Mary Lewis Gwathmey (Mrs. Christopher James Sumner), and Lewis Franklin Powell III; B.S., Washington and Lee University, 1929, magna cum laude and Phi Beta Kappa; LL.B., 1931; LL.M., Harvard Law School, 1932; during World War II, served with U.S. Army Air forces from 1942-46, including service in the European and North American theatres; 319th Bombardment Group, the 12th Air Force, and as Chief of Operational Intelligence for U.S. strategic Air Forces in Europe; held rank from first lieutenant to full colonel; awarded Legion of Merit, Bronze and Gibson, Richmond, VA, 1935-71; general counsel, Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, 1957-71, member: National Commission on Law Enforcement and Administration of Justice, appointed by President Johnson, 1965-67; National Advisory Committee on Legal Services to the Poor, established pursuant to the Economic Opportunity Act of 1964; Blue Ribbon Defense Panel, appointed by President Nixon to study the Department of Defense, 1969-70; Virginia State Board of Education, 1961-69 (president 1968-69); chairman: Richmond Public School Board, 1952-61, and special commission which wrote the charter introducing the manager form of government to the city of Richmond, 1947-48; member, Virginia Constitutional Revision Commission, 1967-68, which proposed the new constitution adopted by the State of Virginia in 1970; trustee emeritus of Washington and Lee University; chairman emeritus of colonial Williamsburg Foundation; member: (president, 1969-70); and American Bar Foundation, (president, 1969-71); honorary bencher, Lincoln's Inn, London; nominated by President Nixon as Associate Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court on October 21, 1971, confirmed by the U.S. Senate on December 6, 1971, and sworn in on January 7, 1972; retired on June 26, 1987.